In these times of uncertainty, it is very easy to feel anxious and depressed about the threats to our economy, our livelihoods and to the environment, writes Louise Ellis.

However, a research study by scientists at University College, London, shows that people who make an effort to stay happy in stressful situations have healthier levels of key body chemicals. 

But how can we maintain happiness and hope in troubled times? 

Previous studies have shown that depression is associated with health problems, but few studies have looked at the effects of positive moods on health. The research team monitored a group of civil servants working in London, asking them at regular points during a working or leisure day how happy they were feeling, and then measuring heart rate and blood pressure. They also took saliva samples to measure levels of the stress hormone cortisol.

During the “happy moments”, the volunteers had lower levels of cortisol in their saliva, making them less prone to developing hypertension and type II diabetes. They also had lower heart rates and blood pressure, indicating good cardiovascular health.

So how can we stay positive in difficult times? Here some of the world’s leading entrepreneurs and thinkers share their thoughts…

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